Shadow Power was one of the priestShadowSpecialization bonuses. It increased the damage of all the priest's spells by 15%, and the critical strike damage bonus of all the priest's Shadow spells by 100%. So for Shadow priests, offensive Shadow spells would crit for 100% extra damage, compared to the 50% extra damage that a critical hit would grant if the same spell was cast by a Holy or Discipline priest.
To sum up:
A Holy or Discipline priest casts a Shadow spell that deals 100 damage and crits for 150 damage.
The same spell cast by a Shadow Priest would deal 115 damage and crit for 230 damage.
So this passive bonus provided a considerable boost to damage output just for selecting the Shadow tree.